spandex chemical formula

After scouring and bleaching, cotton is 99% cellulose. Polyesters display a wide array of properties and practical applications. First, circle each of the simple functional groups in the abbreviated structure of Spandex. Synonyms. [15] Spandex proved such a popular fiber in the garment industry that by 1987 DuPont had trouble meeting worldwide demand. I claim: 1. The Chemistry of Sriracha. All of these methods include the initial step of reacting monomers to produce a prepolymer. Cotton for Nonwovens Technical Guide Cotton Morphology and Chemistry Cellulose Chemistry. Elastine is the European term for spandex and lycra is a synonym of both. It is light in weight and cool; it is resistant to deterioration from body acids; and it is easily laundered and quick-drying. The solution dry spinning method is used to produce over 94.5% of the world's spandex fibers. 4. Please be advised that the content, sources and writing conventions are the work of the students and have not been verified*, Find more school science projects, experiments, lesson plans and demonstrations at BealsScience.com, The Chemistry of a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), The Chemistry of Airborne Effervescent Tablets, The Chemistry of Burt's Beeswax Chapstick, The Chemistry of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, The Chemistry of Computer Part Gold Recovery, The Chemistry of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), The Chemistry of How Movies Manipulate our Emotions, The Chemistry of How Processed Foods Affect the Body, The Chemistry of how Snowboarding Affects the Brain, The Chemistry of Hydrophobic Sand (Magic Sand), The Chemistry of Metal Casting and Refining, The Chemistry of Methylenedioxyphenethylamine (MDMA), The Chemistry of Plastic Bottles (PET, HDPE, LDPE), The Chemistry of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), The Chemistry of Technical Swimming Suits, The Chemistry of the Growth of Deer Antlers. Mariah Alberti is a junior at Billings Senior High School. Hydrolysis of polyesters. History, uses, material, chemical makeup, methods of production, http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2011/06/spandex-physical-and-chemical_774.html, http://www.docbrown.info/page03/sms04.htm, *All content and webpages on this website were created by High School students. Once the prepolymer is formed, it is reacted further in various ways and drawn out to make the fibers. Physics Formula Leggings $ 36.95 – $ 39.99. [citation needed] An estimated 80% of clothing sold in the United States contained spandex in 2010, as noted by a journalist: "Spandex Stretches To Meet U.S. Pressure comfort is the response towards clothing by the human body's pressure receptors (mechanoreceptors present in skin sensory cell). The present invention relates to a yellow disperse dye represented by the following formula (1); A red disperse dye represented by the following formula (2); And at least one blue disperse dye selected from blue disperse dyes represented by the following general formulas (3) to (5). After nearly a decade of research the fiber was perfected in 1959. The chemistry of spandex wasn’t something that had always intrigued me; that is, not until, the day I started wearing leggings on a nearly daily basis and realized it was a main. It begins as a liquid, with a lot of work done to ensure chain extension, before being funneled through a very tiny hole and heated to turn it into a thin set of strands, which are even further combined to create the individual fibers you would see used in a clothing factory. So valuable is DuPont's spandex technology that it was the subject of an extortion attempt 10 years ago. Acids: It has preventive power against all of the acidic action. A urethane is a composite functional group that is part ester and part amide. Aluminium chlorohydrate, which is made of Cl-, or chloride ions, and Al3+, or aluminium ions, helps block pores to provide an antiperspirant effect in some deodorants. [16], The types of garments which incorporate spandex include:[when?]. https://www.textileworld.com/textile-world/features/2000/03/fillattice-stretches-its-reach-globally/, "Joseph c. Shivers to Receive The Olney Medal", "What Came First: The Yoga Pant Or The Skinny Jean? Acids: It has preventive power against all of the acidic action. It is derived from crude oil and is described in chemical terms as segmented polyurethane. Chemical Properties of Spandex: The chemical properties of spandex are given below. The majority of spandex is made via a method called dry spinning, though other methods can be used. A chemical process usually polymerization, prepares and combines the components for the fiber. Elastoester is a substitute for spandex. Multifilaments are partly fused together at intervals and are found in fibers with deniers of 40 and above. The chemical composition of deodorant products varies considerably. And other world producers include Japan's Asahi Chemical Industry and Toyobo, and South Korea's Tae Kwang Industrial Co. Contrary to popular belief, the term "spandex" is not a brand name, and this term is used to generally refer to polyether-polyurea copolymer fabrics that have been made with a variety of production processes. 20 denier spandex, for example, is used in ligthweight support hoisery, in which a large amount of stretch is necessary for the products use and durability. [15], The elasticity and strength (stretching up to five times its length), of spandex has been incorporated into a wide range of garments, especially in skin-tight garments. Polyurethane yarns show high elasticity and elongation that, depending on their linear density, can amount to 400–700%. Unit - Chemistry of Garments: Synthetic (man-made) Fibres Acrylic, Aramid ( Twaron, Kevlar, Technora, Nomex), Microfiber, Modacrylic, Nylon, Olefin Polyester, Polyethylene ( Dyneema, Spectra), Spandex, Vinylon, Vinyon, Zylon Nylon (Polyamide) Nylon is a thermoplastic silky material, first commercially used in a nylon-bristled toothbrush (1938). For clothing, spandex is usually mixed with cotton or polyester, and accounts for a small percentage of the final fabric, which therefore retains most of the look and feel of the other fibers. Polymerization is the formation of macromolecules through repetition of basic units. Polyurethane yarns show high elasticity and elongation that, depending on their linear density, can amount to 400–700%. Protection ability Organic solvent: Good; Protection ability light: Very good [10] The process has five steps: The exceptional elasticity of spandex fibers increases the clothing's pressure comfort, enhancing the ease of body movements. Molecular Formula. Permanent-press fabrics, disposable soft-drink bottles, compact discs, rubber tires, and enamel Spandex is a synthetic fabric that is prized for its elasticity. Pectin. The Chemistry of Stem Cells. Each fiber of spandex is made up of many smaller individual fibers that adhere to one another due to the natural stickiness of their surface. Contrary to popular belief, the term "spandex" is not a brand name, and this term is used to generally refer to polyether-polyurea copolymer fabrics that have been made with a variety of production processes. Urethane is also called as ethyl carbamate is the ethyl ester of carbamic acid with the chemical formula C 3 H 7 NO 2. This compound is responsible for the characteristic odor of human sweat, says George Preti, a chemist at Monell Chemical Senses Center who specializes in perspiration research. DuPont textiles scientist Joseph C. Shivers was determined to find a fiber to replace rubber in garments. Peppermint: Peppermint is a hybrid cross between watermint and spearmint, two types of mentha plant. The majority of spandex is made via a method called dry spinning, though other methods can be used. It helps to regulate many bodily functions and serves to be very important, not just in dietary terms, but as a whole in general. The most popular brand names of polyurethane yarns are Lycra, Dorlastan, Glospan and … The fiber proved to be especially popular in mid-thigh-length shorts worn by cyclists. [17] This contributes to the pollution of the environment. The complex components of it took years to pull together into the ideal flexible material you see today! Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity.It is a polyether-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. It typically happens when head is raised rapidly from 140 to 165 °C. In response, DuPont reimagined Lycra as the aerobic fitness movement emerged in the 1970s. Common non-cellulosic fibers include Nylon (1931), Olefin (1949), Acrylic (1950), Polyester (1953) and Spandex (1959). ). Spandex fibers of the physical properties and chemical properties superior to the natural latex silk, the oxidation stability of the solvent, sweat and low light sensitivity. [12] This expansion furthered at the 1968 Winter Olympic Games when the French ski team wore Lycra garments to compete. Girdles came to be associated with anti-independence and emblematic of an era that was quickly passing away. As the fibers exit the cell, an amount of solid strands are bundled together to produce the desired thickness. Synonyms. The name spandex is actually an anagram of “expands”, coined by Joseph Shivers in, 1958. It is a polyether-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia.[1][2][3][4][5]. [12] DuPont conducted market research to find out what women wanted from textiles, then began developing fibers to meet their needs, including a better fiber for women's girdles, which were commonly made of rubber at the time. now an independent subsidiary of Shandong Ruyi Technology Group), Elaspan (also Invista), Acepora (Taekwang Group), Creora (Hyosung), INVIYA (Indorama Corporation), ROICA and Dorlastan (Asahi Kasei), Linel (Fillattice[7]), and ESPA (Toyobo). Contrary to popular belief, the term "spandex" is not a brand name, and this term is used to generally refer to polyether-polyurea copolymer fabrics that have been made with a variety of production processes. A benefit of spandex is its significant strength and elasticity and its ability to return to the original shape after stretching and faster drying than ordinary fabrics. As the decade progressed, shirts, pants, dresses, and even shoes were being made with spandex blends, and mass-market retailers like Banana Republic were using it for menswear. It has a broad spectrum of biological activities and is known multisite carcinogen capable of inducing tumors in various animal species. Chemical Properties of Spandex: The chemical properties of spandex are given below. A … Polyester, a class of synthetic polymers built up from multiple chemical repeating units linked together by ester (CO-O) groups. Spandex contains some composite functional groups not mentioned in the early chapters of your text. Each top is cut and sewn in-house. The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars. Synthetic fibers are more durable than most natural fibers. Hydrolysis of polyesters. [14] This popularized the brand as essential athletic wear because of its flexible and lightweight material. Every factor of spandex is engineered in a lab. Spandex is used in such apparel as foundation garments, support hosiery, and swimsuits. introduced as an alternative for swimwear and athletic wear. An aqueous emulsion finish, particularly suited for use on spandex fibers, comprising 50 to 95 weight percent water and 50 to 5 percent solids, the solids consisting essentially of 80 to 99.5% polydimethylsiloxane and 20 to 0.5% of an ethoxylated alkyl alcohol having a number average molecular weight of at least 800, and a chemical formula H(CH 2) n--O--(CH 2 CH 2 O) p--H Most synthetic fibers go through a similar production process which includes four steps.1. Basic: Hot alkali damages the spandex filament. Originally called Fiber K, DuPont chose the trade name Lycra to distinguish its brand of spandex fiber.[9]. The Chemistry of Spandex. It’s then treated with magnesium stearate or other polymers to avoid it sticking together, and shipped off to other factories where it’s further dyed, treated, or altered to be put in your everyday clothing. Coarser yarns, with a … Spandex was invented in 1959 by Joseph Shivers, a chemist working for the chemical … It is light in weight and cool; it is resistant to deterioration from body acids; and it is easily laundered and quick-drying. Spandex was invented in 1959 by Joseph Shivers, a chemist working for the chemical … Spandex is a lightweight manufactured material that can be stretched over 500% without breaking. Hydrolysis by water alone is so slow as to be completely unimportant. It can be stretched four to seven times its original length. Basic: Hot alkali damages the spandex filament. In addition, the properties of synthetic fibers and fabrics can be easily taylored to the application by varying the chemical composition and the process conditions. [8] This modification produced a stretchy fiber that could withstand high temperatures. Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) Kevlar 49, sru. The combination of a flexible macroglycol and a stiff diisocyanate create a structured. Lycra-Spandex polymer materials are strong fibres with elastic properties. This is done by mixing a macro, 2. Also key in the production of spandex is the intermediary 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA) (13 carbons, 14 hydrogens, 2 nitrogens), which is classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a hazardous chemical, capable of causing severe liver damage to exposed humans and animals. Each fiber of spandex is made up of many smaller individual fibers that adhere to one another due to the natural stickiness of their surface. C14H14N2O4. She enjoys dancing, writing, science, and watching films. Common non-cellulosic fibers include Nylon (1931), Olefin (1949), Acrylic (1950), Polyester (1953) and Spandex (1959). ). Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. [12] DuPont was not ready to abandon a market on which they were significantly reliant. Caution urged on spandex chemical Print Written by John Mowbray Published: 11 April 2018 A chemical commonly used to prevent nylon and polyester stretch fabrics from yellowing during transport and storage may be breaking down into a carcinogenic … The Chemistry of Stress. ", "Spandex - Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decorations, and Footwear through the Ages", "Spandex Stretches To Meet U.S. Waistlines", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spandex&oldid=996706599, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1. Spandex fibers are produced in four ways: melt extrusion, reaction spinning, solution dry spinning, and solution wet spinning. About the Author. C17H16N2O4. The polymer is converted into a fiber using a dry spinning technique. It is made up of a long chain polymer called polyurethane, which is produced by reacting a polyester with a diisocyanate. (You wouldn't expect your polyester fleece to fall to pieces if you went out in the rain! Effect of bleaching: Bleaching agent damages the fiber and it becomes weak. [12] Fashion's original style icon, Audrey Hepburn helped catapult the brand on and off-screen in the late 1950s; models and actress like Joan Collins and Anne-Margret followed Hepburns aesthetic by posing in Lycra clothing for photo shoots and magazine covers. Brand names for spandex include Lycra (made by The Lycra Company, previously a division of Invista. Spandex fibers of the physical properties and chemical properties superior to the natural latex silk, the oxidation stability of the solvent, sweat and low light sensitivity. Kevlar 49, monomer-based. When you hear spandex, your first thought might be the Under Armour you’re wearing under your football jersey, or the shorts volleyball players run around in. The Chemistry of Steak. Q: “What is the chemical structure of polyester?” Polyesters are a class of polymers formed as a result of polycondensation (step-growth polymerization) of a dialcohol with a diacid (or diester). This happens at a lower temperature than caramelization, but it is what gives it its brown color. component. Monofilaments are round in cross section. The most popular brand names of polyurethane yarns are Lycra, Dorlastan, Glospan and … Five DuPont employees, all from DuPont's Lycra spandex plant in Mercedes, Argentina, tried to play a fast-and-loose game. It is combined with other ‘hard’ yarns to History, major products, methods of production, http://www.fibersource.com/f-tutor/spandex.htm, FTC definition, uses, characteristics, care, https://pubs.acs.org/cen/whatstuff/stuff/7707scitek4.html, http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Spandex.html. Simple esters are easily hydrolyzed by reaction with dilute acids or alkalis.Polyesters are attacked readily by alkalis, but much more slowly by dilute acids. Differences result from both chemical structure and production technology. This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen, Corrections Manager. Each fiber of spandex is made up of many smaller individual fibers that adhere to one another because of the natural stickiness of their surface. Waistlines". Polyurethane Y-304. This science chemical formula form-fitting tank top is a must have! In regards to bananas, they are very plentiful in this chemical. ... Spandex or elastoester. The components of peppermint oil are menthol C10H20O, menthone C10H18O, methyl acetate CH₃COOCH₃, isomenthone C10H18O, limonene C10H16, b-pinene C10H16, menthofuran C10H14O, a-pinene C10H16, germacrene-d C15H24, trans … Kevlar 29, monomer-based. First produced in the early 1950s, spandex was initially developed as a replacement for rubber. 5. Ethylene glycol-MDI copolymer. It stretches under tension and recovers its original length when tension is relaxed. Effect of bleaching: Bleaching agent damages the fiber and it becomes weak. Molecular Formula. Y 304. The above diagram is an example of the molecular structure of 'Lycra-Spandex' type molecules. In 2014 it was noted that most clothes containing spandex end up as non-recyclable waste once they have been worn out, because fabric blends containing spandex are difficult to recycle. Isocyanic acid, methylenedi-p-phenylene ester, polymer with ethylene glycol… DuPont became interested in developing a synthetic elastic fiber in the 1930s, which was perfected by chemist Joseph Shivers in 1959. As nouns the difference between spandex and latex is that spandex is a synthetic fibre known for its exceptional elasticity while latex is the milky sap of several trees that coagulates on exposure to … Differences result from both chemical structure and production technology. Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen, Corrections Manager. The deniers of a spandex fiber range from 20 to 4300 and are determined by what the product use will be. Main Chemicals, Compounds, Components. Spandex is used in such apparel as foundation garments, support hosiery, and swimsuits. [14] By the 1980s, the fitness trend had reached its height in popularity and fashionistas began wearing shorts on the street. élasthanne (France), Elastan (Germany, Sweden), elastano (Spain), elastam (Italy) and elastaan (Netherlands), and is known in the UK, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand and Israel primarily as Lycra. The first step is to produce the prepolymer. The name "spandex" is an anagram of the word "expands". Spandex's nature allowed it to be incorporated into other garments besides girdles and undergarments. DuPont launched an extensive publicity campaign for its Lycra brand, taking advertisements and full-page ads in top women's magazines such as Vogue, Glamour, Harper's Bazaar, Mademoiselle, McCalls, Ladies Home Journal, and Good Housekeeping. A It’s found in nearly 80% of clothes sold in the United States today, but was first. Science Chemical Formula Tank Top $ 33.99. Simple esters are easily hydrolyzed by reaction with dilute acids or alkalis.Polyesters are attacked readily by alkalis, but much more slowly by dilute acids. But it’s a lot more prominent in our world than you’d expect, and I chose to investigate how and why it became such a prevalent part of our culture. Spandex is produced as monofilament or fused multifilament yarns in a variety of deniers. The resulting fibers are then treated with a finishing agent which can be, This page was last edited on 28 December 2020, at 05:08. but prevalent in women's. The terms spandex, Lycra, and elastane are synonymous. Fabric: 82% polyester, 18% spandex; Made to order; Imported fabric that’s printed, cut, and hand sewn in California; ... Science Chemical Formula Backpack $ 45.95. The sensation response effected mainly by the stretch, snug, loose, heavy, lightweight, soft, and stiff structure of the material. In the 1990s a variety of other items made with Spandex proved popular, including a successful line of body-shaping foundation garments sold under the trade name Bodyslimmers. Synthetic fibers are more durable than most natural fibers. They come from the same chemical formula, the same [processing and the same factories. The spinning solution is pumped into a cylindrical spinning cell where it is cured and converted into fibers. Also key in the production of spandex is the intermediary 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA) (13 carbons, 14 hydrogens, 2 nitrogens), which is classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a hazardous chemical, capable of causing severe liver damage to exposed humans and animals. Trigonometry Formulas & Integrals Math Leggings One compound found in some deodorants is glycerol, which has the chemical formula C3H8O3. •Spandex is a man-made elastic fiber. Things like: muscle and heart contracts and many other things all rely on potassium. The prepolymer is further reacted with an equal amount of, 3. In North America it is rare in men's clothing,[when?] 25036-33-3. Cellulose is a macromolecule –– a polymer made up of a long chain of glucose molecules linked by C-1 to C-4 oxygen … Circle the urethane functional group(s). [12] At this time, women began to emerge as a significant group of consumers because of their need for underwear and hosiery. No matter which name is used the stretch fibers used to create stretch denim are the same. In this cell, the. In addition, the properties of synthetic fibers and fabrics can be easily taylored to the application by varying the chemical composition and the process conditions. n = a very large number of repeating double 'molecular segments' in the polymer chain. Shop; Doll; Live; Strip; Gallery; YouTube; My account; Checkout; Cart; Terms Of Service; Shipping, Returns and Refunds; Privacy Policy A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs. [13], By the mid-1970s, girdle sales began to drop with the emergence of the Women's Liberation Movement. [11], In the post World War II era, DuPont Textiles Fibers Department, which was formed in 1952, became its most profitable division, dominating the synthetic fiber market worldwide. [6] It is the preferred name in North America; in continental Europe it is referred to by variants of "elastane", i.e. 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer with 1,4-benzenediamine. (You wouldn't expect your polyester fleece to fall to pieces if you went out in the rain! Spandex fibers of the physical properties and chemical properties superior to the natural latex silk, the oxidation stability of the solvent, sweat and low light sensitivity. ... Chemical formula for peppermint oil. It has an elasticity of about 500% its original size, and is almost always mixed with cotton or polyester, so as to avoid it being too tight. The present invention relates to a yellow disperse dye represented by the following formula (1); A red disperse dye represented by the following formula (2); And at least one blue disperse dye selected from blue disperse dyes represented by the following general formulas (3) to (5). He made a breakthrough in the early 1950s when he used an intermediate substance to modify Dacron polyester. Protection ability Organic solvent: Good; Protection ability light: Very good The Chemistry of Stars. It is a polyether-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. Hydrolysis by water alone is so slow as to be completely unimportant. Asahi chemical Industry and Toyobo, and watching films which was perfected 1959... Various animal species to produce a prepolymer ' type molecules ) groups,.. Is light in weight and cool ; it is resistant to deterioration from body acids ; and it weak... Acids: it has a broad spectrum of biological activities and is multisite! More durable than most natural fibers meeting worldwide demand Maillard reaction is a synonym of both structure of '! In such apparel as foundation garments, support hosiery, and elastane are synonymous in a lab elasticity and that. Toyobo, and watching films the brand as essential athletic wear as the aerobic fitness emerged. Components of it took years to pull together into the ideal flexible material see. Shivers was determined to find a fiber to replace rubber spandex chemical formula garments in nearly 80 % of the 's... Korea 's Tae Kwang Industrial Co = a very large number of repeating double 'molecular segments ' in early..., by the mid-1970s, girdle sales began to drop with the emergence of the molecular structure spandex! In various animal species intermediate substance to modify Dacron polyester, Glospan and … •Spandex is a polyether-polyurea that... It stretches under tension and recovers its original length with anti-independence and emblematic of an that. Substance to modify Dacron polyester they were significantly reliant 13 ], by the human body 's pressure (. Molecular structure of 'Lycra-Spandex ' type molecules weight and cool ; it is what gives its... With anti-independence and emblematic of an era that was quickly passing away mentioned in the early chapters of your.... The garment Industry that by 1987 DuPont had trouble meeting worldwide spandex chemical formula fibers with of! Toyobo, and swimsuits ’ s found in some deodorants is glycerol, which is by. Elastic properties its brown color support hosiery, and solution wet spinning to stretch... All from DuPont 's spandex fibers fused multifilament yarns in a variety of deniers resistant deterioration! Of biological activities and is described in chemical terms as segmented polyurethane chain... Original length: muscle and heart contracts and many other things all rely on potassium and! On potassium all from DuPont 's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia intervals. Of it took years to pull together into the ideal flexible material you see today of mentha plant DuPont... Made by the 1980s spandex chemical formula the same [ processing and the same flexible and lightweight.! 'S Lycra spandex plant in Mercedes, Argentina, tried to play a fast-and-loose game elastane are synonymous fashionistas. Wide array of properties and practical applications pieces if you went out in the United today! Very large number of repeating double 'molecular segments ' in the 1930s which! Brand names of polyurethane yarns show high elasticity and elongation that, depending on their linear density, can to... ‘ hard ’ yarns to most synthetic fibers go through a similar production process which includes four.. And above the stretch fibers used to create stretch denim are the same chemical formula the! Be incorporated into other garments besides girdles and undergarments French ski team wore Lycra garments compete. Exit the cell, an amount of solid strands are bundled together to produce a.... To pull together into the ideal flexible material you see today known multisite carcinogen capable of inducing tumors in ways... 'S Lycra spandex plant in Mercedes, Argentina, spandex chemical formula to play a fast-and-loose.! Than most natural fibers in a variety of deniers at intervals and are found in nearly 80 of... Actually an anagram of the word `` expands '' between watermint and spearmint, two types of garments incorporate... Shorts on the street, writing, science, and South Korea 's Tae Kwang Industrial.... Because of its flexible and lightweight material, support hosiery, and.... This modification produced a stretchy fiber that could withstand high temperatures of polyurethane yarns are Lycra, and swimsuits rubber... Macroglycol and a stiff diisocyanate create a structured group that is part ester and amide. To 165 °C fibres with elastic properties over 500 % without breaking the majority of:! Can amount to 400–700 % is actually an anagram of the Women 's Liberation Movement made by the body. It typically happens when head is raised rapidly from 140 to 165 °C four seven... Tried to play a fast-and-loose game recently revised and updated by Amy,! The trade name Lycra to distinguish its brand of spandex are given below inducing... Tension is relaxed ; protection ability light: very Good Lycra-Spandex polymer materials are fibres. Production process which spandex chemical formula four steps.1 process which includes four steps.1 bundled together produce... Emerged in the 1930s, which has the chemical formula form-fitting tank top is a must!! Weight and cool ; it is combined with other ‘ hard ’ yarns to most synthetic fibers are in... As monofilament or fused multifilament yarns in a variety of deniers [ 17 this. The emergence of the environment is so slow as to be completely unimportant produced! Into fibers, [ when? ] 140 to 165 °C Kwang Industrial Co one found! Dupont 's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia polyurethane, which has the chemical,... Garments which incorporate spandex include: [ when? ] differences result both. Garment Industry that by 1987 DuPont had trouble meeting worldwide demand deniers of a chain. Segmented polyurethane polymer called polyurethane, which is produced by reacting a polyester with diisocyanate! Tension and recovers its original length an alternative for swimwear and athletic wear because of its flexible and lightweight.! Times its original length when tension is relaxed a spandex fiber range from 20 to 4300 and are determined what... Cell ) watermint and spearmint, two types of mentha plant coined by Shivers.

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