what caused the edgecumbe earthquake

Just better. The basaltic-to-dacitic field is dominated by the large composite cones of Mount Edgecumbe, Crater Ridge, and Shell Mountain, and has an unusual tectonic setting only 16 km E of the Queen … In 1987, a large earthquake centered on Edgecumbe shook the Bay of Plenty, causing widespread damage and causing much of the population to leave Edgecumbe. The Pleistocene-to-Holocene Edgecumbe volcanic field covers about 260 km2 of Kruzov Island west of Sitka in the SE panhandle of Alaska. Another was trapped under 11 huge circular saws, each of them 2 metres in diameter. Short video showing some of the Damage of the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake which struck at 13:42 March 2nd 1987. A Singapore newspaper quoted ‘the Police’ as saying that 95% of homes in the Kawerau, Whakatāne and Edgecumbe areas were uninhabitable. Edgecumbe - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia The M6.5 event was soon named after the town. A major worry was the large earthfill hydro dam at Matahina on the Rangitāiki River. Many roads were blocked by slips or had split open, making it impossible to use them. The Edgecumbe earthquake, 1987 March 2 (M L 6. Everywhere people struggled to keep on their feet. Portable toilets were set up, and people were told to boil their water. About 130 of these occurred prior to the main shock (M L 6.3) on March 2. 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake. At Bay Milk Products in Edgecumbe, pipes and silos collapsed, spilling milk. These sand boils are some of many that formed near Powell Road, as a result of the extensive liquefaction caused by the earthquake. Two milk tankers were thrown over onto one side by the force of the quake. An 80 tonne train toppled sideways in the Edgecumbe railway yards, and several kilometres of railway line in the area buckled in the earthquake. Abstract. A foreshock just minutes before had cut the power supply and many people had moved away from heavy machinery and out of their houses. It is the main service town for the agricultural region surrounding the plains of the Rangitaiki River, which flows through the town. The 1987 M W 6.5 Edgecumbe earthquake caused localised liquefaction and lateral spreading in parts of the Rangitaki Plains in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Here, Brad explains the science behind earthquakes and what causes them. © Crown Copyright. One person died from a heart attack, possibly caused by the shock of the earthquake, but there were no other deaths. Although not of an exceptional magnitude, it was damaging because it was very shallow. Date: 4 March 1987 From: Dominion Post (Newspaper): Photographic negatives and prints of the Evening Post and Dominion newspapers By: Nicholson, John, active 1997 Ref: EP-Science-Earthquakes 1980 to 1989-01 Description: Photograph of a house damaged during the Edgecumbe earthquake, taken 4th March 1987 by … Because of the earthquake, many people left and therefore Edgecumbe's population dropped considerably. The earthquake that struck Edgecumbe at 1:42pm on 2 March 1987 was, with the exception of Inangahua in 1968, the … It occurred at 8:55 in the evening and was the most damaging in New Zealand since the Edgecumbe earthquake in March … At the Tasman Pulp and Paper Mill in Kawerau a loaded logging truck toppled onto its side. In the hours after the Edgecumbe earthquake, accounts of the disaster became wildly exaggerated. Liquefaction and associated lateral spreading during the 1987 ML 6.3 Edgecumbe earthquake caused severe damage within parts of the Whakatane township in the North Island of New Zealand. Abstract The intensity of shaking caused by the main shock of the M 6.3 Edgecumbe earthquake of 1987, as shown by ground def~nnation, property damage and the impressions of witnesses, and the distribution of intensities about the epicentre, is compared with expectations based on models assumed by Smith. 3000 people were moved out from south of the Matahina hydro dam in case it gave way. Others left their homes and camped or stayed in local schools, halls or marae. The 1987 M L 6.3 Edgecumbe earthquake triggered localized liquefaction and associated lateral spreading in the township of Whakatane in the North Island of New Zealand. One person died from a heart attack, possibly caused by the shock of the earthquake. Find out…, Caught in the crunch: earthquakes and volcanoes in New Zealand, Christchurch City Libraries' Terms of Use and Privacy Policy, Search our catalogue for information about theÂ. In Edgecumbe the ground shaking cut deep gashes in roads and footpaths, damaged river embankments, tipped a diesel locomotive off its tracks, and ripped power transformers, weighing … A fissure up to 3 metres wide and 3–4 metres deep opened up along much of the fault, although some sections were marked just by zones of cracks. The 1929 Arthur’s Pass and Murchison earthquakes, The 2010 Canterbury (Darfield) earthquake, Personal stories of the 2010–11 Canterbury earthquakes, Marlborough earthquakes – 2013 and 2016, Personal stories of earthquakes since 1942, Next: Page 12. The dam was repaired in 1988, and subsequently strengthened in the late 1990s to withstand earthquake motion. Edgecumbe was evacuated with about 1600 locals forced to leave their homes. Casualties: 25 injured. The 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake measured 6.5 on the moment magnitude scale and struck the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand at 1:42 pm on 2 March. These northeast trending tectonic ruptures are … This probably saved a number of lives. No one was killed, but several dozen people suffered serious injuries. Minutes later a much stronger quake rocked the region. At Bay Milk Products in Edgecumbe, huge stainless steel milk silos collapsed, spilling thousands of litres of milk. At 1.35 p.m. on 2 March 1987, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake struck the Bay of Plenty region, cutting power and sending many people outdoors. The earthquake was the most damaging New Zealand had experienced in recent decades, with approximately 50% of the houses in Edgecumbe being damaged and 35 people being seriously injured. The Edgecumbe earthquake was the first since the 1968 Īnangahua quake to cause major damage. This main shock, at 1.42 p.m., had a magnitude of 6.3 and was centred north of Edgecumbe. Recent studies utilizing extensive CPT investigations indicate that much of the Whakatane Central Business District is underlain by sediments with a low cyclic resistance to liquefaction. On Thursday, the Rangitaiki River burst its stop bank, resulting in widespread flooding of the town. The Edgecumbe earthquake of 1987 was an earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter scale that struck the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand on 2 March 1987 just after 1.42 pm, centred on the town of Edgecumbe.The earthquake was very shallow, being centred approximately 8 km from the Earth's surface. The tremors produced a massive dust cloud on Moutohorā (Whale Island), an extinct volcano off the coast. Minutes later, at 1:42pm, a much stronger 6.3 magnitude quake centred between Matata and Edgecumbe struck. At 1.35 p.m. on 2 March 1987, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake struck the Bay of Plenty region, cutting power and sending many people outdoors. Distillery Company, tanks of spirits collapsed, saturating the ground with vodka and gin. The Bay of Plenty was well named by James Cook for its food and timber resources – and it is still a place of bountiful produce. Soon there were ‘eyewitness reports’ that the island had erupted. Please ensure that you have JavaScript enabled in your browser. Staff found minor cracks in the roadway and concrete abutments. The probable cause of the Edgecumbe earthquake was a sudden release of energy from an overstretched part of the underlying Pacific Plate. Known as the Edgecumbe earthquake, it caused heavy damage in the towns of Edgecumbe, Te Teko, Kawerau, Thornton and Matata. Current filters. There were a number of impacts and hazards that resulted … The earthquake was centred between Matata and Edgecumbe. The largest aftershock was measured at 5.5 and struck at 1:52 pm. At the N.Z. This book, written by consulting engineers George Butcher and Latham Andrews and economist Graham Cleland, combines a study of the damage caused by the 2 March 1987 Eastern Bay of Plenty earthquake to domestic, commercial and industrial buildings and infrastructure in the region and the estimated costs … Below the dam, the residents of Te Mahoe were evacuated as a precaution. A foreshock just minutes before had cut the power supply and many people had moved away from heavy machinery and out of their houses. The Edgecumbe earthquake sequence consisted of more than 600 shocks of M L ≥ 3. Water flows were disrupted in a number of places. They opened the floodgates to lower the lake level, but controlled the flow to ensure the river would not overtop its stopbanks downstream. Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. The people who live there are dotted about on … It … The region which sank downward is now more prone to flooding. A woman who had been picking fruit was thrown from a ladder by the quake. [GNS Science] Magnitudes: M L 6.1, M W 6.5, M S 6.6. Some roads cracked or acquired ‘judder bars’ as the ground buckled. In … It was estimated that the Edgecumbe earthquake cost $300 million. All text licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence unless otherwise stated. 50% of the houses in Edgecumbe were damaged. A woman was hurt when a piano fell on her, and another was struck by a bull which had been sent flying through the air. In Kawerau 40 houses were evacuated because of an unstable hill above them. Just after 1:42pm on 2 March, 1987, an earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter scale struck the Bay of Plenty. In the two months before the big shock, there had been a swarm of earthquakes of different sizes and intensity. The most damage on 2 March was suffered by Edgecumbe, but Whakatane and Kawerau were also severely damaged. Registering magnitude 6.25 on the Richter Scale, this earthquake and its aftershocks caused damage of over NZ$400 million. Subsequent simplified CPT-based liquefaction assessments undertaken using modelled Peak Ground Accelerations (PGA) and depth to ground-water for the Edgecumbe earthquake … The New Zealand Embassy in Washington was inundated with calls from worried people seeking news. A crack 7 kilometres long opened in the Rangitaiki Plains near Edgecumbe. Liquefaction and associated lateral spreading during the 1987 M L 6.3 Edgecumbe earthquake caused severe damage to parts of Whakatane, New Zealand. One woman was hurt by a falling piano in her home, and another was hit by a bull thrown out of its pen at a stock yard. At 1:42pm on 2 March 1987 a large earthquake occurred in the northern Bay of Plenty, near the town of Edgecumbe. On the afternoon of 2 March 1987, at 1:42pm, the Bay of Plenty region was rocked by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake. This main shock, at 1.42 p.m., had a magnitude of 6.3 and was centred north of Edgecumbe. Apart from the Inangahua earthquake of 1968, the Edgecumbe earthquake was the most severe and damaging earthquake to hit New Zealand in 45 years. It is now known as the Edgecumbe Fault. The earthquake was felt throughout much of northern New … In the United States, Washington radio stations reported that 400,000 people had been made homeless. The damage it caused was most severe in Edgecumbe and nearly as severe in Kawerau, Matata, Thornton and Te Teko, with surface ruptures spreading across the Rangitaiki Plains. The 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake. Earthquakes and electrical equipment (on photo: Workmen are dwarfed by this 20-tonne transformer, shaken from its mountings at the Edgecumbe substation; By teara.govt.nz) Causes – Location The majority of earthquakes occur on the fault lines which demarcate the tectonic plates from the earth’s crust. On the afternoon of 2 March 1987 at 1.35 p.m, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake rocked the Bay of Plenty region. Liquefaction and lateral spreading resulted in severe damage to infrastructure and lifelines, including NZ$10 million worth of damage to flood control and drainage … The number, distribution, … The earthquake had been caused by movement along the fault; the land to the north-west had dropped by up to 2 metres. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking that we feel.. In Edgecumbe and Te Teko water and sewage systems were not working. The Rangitaiki River stopped flowing for about 10 seconds, then came pouring back. Railway tracks were twisted and bent, and a diesel-electric locomotive toppled over. … During the preceding month, swarms of earthquakes had unnerved the residents of Kawerau and Edgecumbe and distinct foreshocks were felt at Matata and Thornton prior to the main earthquake. Mill workers escaped from falling debris through a maze of twisted stairs and walkways. It had a population of 1626 in the … The 1929 Arthur’s Pass and Murchison earthquakes; The 1931 Hawke’s Bay earthquake; In the Napier earthquake; Rebuilding Napier; The 1942 Wairarapa earthquakes; The 1968 Īnangahua earthquake; The 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake; The 2010 Canterbury (Darfield) earthquake; The 2011 Christchurch earthquake; … Soon after, she was driving hurriedly down a road to check her home when her car became airborne and flew 6 metres across the rift, landing at the bottom of the scarp. Kawerau was one of the worst-affected towns in the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake. The 2010 Canterbury (Darfield) earthquake, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence. A crack 7 kilometres long opened in the Rangitaiki Plains near Edgecumbe. Minutes later a much stronger quake rocked the region. The Edgecumbe district is a typically lush part of the Bay: rich dairy and horticultural lands, set on a wide, well-watered plain, surrounded by large exotic forests. It was, with the exception of the Inangahua earthquake in 1968 , the most severe and damaging earthquake to hit New Zealand in 45 years. One woman watched as water poured out of her swimming pool and settled, 5 metres away. The main Quake was a … Four aftershocks with magnitudes greater than 5 occurred in the next six hours, and smaller aftershocks were felt for weeks. The most spectacular effect of the Edgecumbe earthquake was the 7-kilometre-long rift that appeared across the Rangitāiki Plains – the Edgecumbe Fault. This probably saved a number of lives. Edgecumbe is a town in the Bay of Plenty of the North Island of New Zealand, 15 kilometres to the west of Whakatane and eight kilometres south of the Bay's coast. Two milk tankers were thrown on their sides. Quite the same Wikipedia. Most injuries were minor cuts and bruises, but 35 people were seriously injured. Extent of shaking, Edgecumbe earthquake, 2 March 1987 (1st of 2). The earthquake … An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault.The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. e total amount o involvef debris i dn slope failures is estimated to be in excess of 1503. The 1987 Edgecumbe Earthquake. The eruption of Mount Tarawera in 1886 and the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake were two disasters related to geological activity in the volcanic plateau. Following the main shock, an engineer checking for structural damage fell 5 metres from a platform. The intense ground-shaking caused by the earthquake led to a large number of ground surface failures, including sand boils, ridge-top shatters and debris avalanches on steeper slopes. Liquefaction and lateral spreading was well documented proximal to the waterways in areas underlain by recent fluvial and … 0 that occurred in an area of about 70 × 50 km in the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, between 1987 February 21 and March 18. Edgecumbe is a town in the Bay of Plenty of the North Island of New Zealand, 15 kilometres to the west of Whakatane and eight kilometres south of the Bays coast. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. The Edgecumbe earthquake was the first in New Zealand since the 1968 Īnangahua quake to cause … The hypocentre was at a shallow depth of 8 km. Remove filters to expand search. If you are still seeing this message and JavaScript is enabled in your browser then please either contact the library or fill in our technical support form and we will try to fix the problem. 3), was associated with renewed tectonic rupture on the Edgecumbe Fault, renewed movement on the Onepu and Rotoitipakau Faults, and several new surface breaks—the Awaiti, Otakiri, Te Teko, and Omeheu Faults. The epicentre was 2.24 kilometres (1.39 mi) south-south-east of the town of Matata, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north-north-west of Edgecumbe… Edgecumbe Earthquake, N.Z., 1987 Edgecumbe Earthquake, N.Z., 1987; Nicholson, … Roads split open, and brick cladding fell off houses. Industrial sites were badly affected. Eileen McSaveney, 'Historic earthquakes - The 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/historic-earthquakes/page-11 (accessed 24 January 2021), Story by Eileen McSaveney, published 12 Jun 2006, reviewed & revised 28 Mar 2011, updated 1 Nov 2017. Whilst most of the large earthquakes of 2007 were distant from populated centres or too deep to cause harm, the big shake of December 20 was close enough to cause significant damage in Gisborne city. Because the earthquake was very shallow, at about 8 kilometres from the earth’s surface, it was felt over a large area. N0o m surface ruptures along old faults, Damage caused by the Edgecumbe earthquake on Whale Island was largely confined to minor rockfalls and two larger failure slis (op scarsn old) on the steep coasta cliffsl Th. At one point the land close to the fault dropped 2 metres. The earthquake was centred between Matata and Edgecumbe. 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