"Ethical confusion is the only word that I can use. Tran Van Don and the head of the secret police Tran Kim Tuyen. Capt. different ideas into one] the physical experience of the American combat soldier in Vietnam would be that of a column of men spaced about five yards apart; burdened with 80-pound packs; wearing thick armored vests called flak jackets; carrying rifles, mortars, hundreds of rounds of ammunition, and three or four canteens; and patrolling on foot through jungles, mountains, or rice paddies," Appy writes. But mines and booby traps transform that friendly, familiar earth into a thing of menace, a thing to be feared as much as machine guns or mortar shells. of fuel, ammunition and other supplies because of a lack of support from Both immigrated They were more educated, affluent, and older than any assembled American fighting force The South Vietnamese soldier. After all, these dogs had served their country as loyal soldiers, and many of them were considered heroes for saving men's lives. Banks recalled to Stanley Karnow in Vietnam: A History. Sometimes it would take an entire day to move two miles. 7,484 women served in Vietnam, of whom 6,250 or 83.5% were nurses. New York: Charterhouse, 1974. He returned to Southeast Asia in 1969 and remained there until 1971 when he left the Army. African Americans accounted for about fourteen percent of the American forces. The number of combat soldiers in Vietnam rose to The Vietnam War helped medical progress in this area. With regards the first table, original studies and sources should be consulted for details on methodology and the exact populations measured, surveyed, or considered.With regards the second table, these estimated figures for said countries and As a result, African Americans made up twenty-five percent of the U.S. soldiers killed in Vietnam during 1965 and 1966. "When GIs couldn't tell friend from foe, they came to hate and despise them all," Cecil B. Curry explains in Self-Destruction: The Disintegration and Decay of the United States Army during the Vietnam Era. On average there were only about 35,000 combat soldiers in Vietnam, on the average. He was not some down-on-his-luck loser pumping gas or washing cars for a dollar-fifty an hour, but somebody, a Marine.". He gave me a friendly nip on the hand and looked at me. It begins in Stamford, Connecticut, in 1966, the year Flaherty graduated from high school, and also the year in which the American military presence in Vietnam had more than doubled from the previous year, while U.S. casualties had nearly quadrupled. [Burkett] Stolen Valor: How the Vietnam Generation was Robbed of its Heroes and its History by B.G. story building where the CIA station chief and many of his officers lived, located at 22 Ly Tu Trong St. The incident in the photo took place on the second day of a three day battle between the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) who occupied the village of Trang Bang and the ARVN (Army of the Republic of Vietnam) who were trying to force the NVA out of the village. Many factors combined to cause American combat troops to lash out violently against Vietnamese civilians. A Rumor of War. one of 42 pictures of this helicopter that UPI photographer, Hubert Van Es took Your purchase was successful, and you are now logged in. You secure a village, you search it, and you leave, and the village reverts [goes back] to the enemy. 2/3 of the men who served in Vietnam were volunteers. Instead, the local farmers and villagers usually viewed the Americans with distrust or even hostility. vvmf.org Social Makeup of Forces in Vietnam The US soldiers who fought in the Vietnam War were different in many ways from those who had fought in earlier wars. A government agency called the Selective Service collected the names of all American men between the ages of eighteen and twenty-six. He was stationed at An Hoa Combat Base, west of Hi An in Qung Nam Province. For some American combat soldiers, the constant anxiety and tension of their time in Vietnam served to heighten their senses and emotions. No matter where in Vietnam these American units patrolled, the landscape made travel difficult. New York: Free Press, 1974. The planes doing the bombing near the village were VNAF (Vietnam Air Force) and were being flown by Vietnamese pilots in support of South Vietnamese troops on the ground. In the early years of the war, many African American men viewed military service as a positive thing. Instead, they usually fought small skirmishes following Viet Cong or NVA ambushes. In some cases, men who entered the service by enlisting rather than being drafted received better duty assignments. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993. At the time, Yuzuk was a police officer and Flaherty was a member of Aventuras homeless community, camping under a palm tree off one of the citys main boulevards. Black fatalities amounted to 12 percent of all Americans killed in Southeast Asia - a figure proportional to the number of blacks in the U.S. population at the time and slightly lower than the proportion of blacks in the Army at the close of the war." Putting people in that situation changes them. he said. In his new life as a civilian, Flaherty studied at the University of Miami in Florida, but entered a period of despondency after a girlfriend died in a car wreck in 1975. After one tour in Vietnam, Capt. The 1990 unsuccessful movie "Air America" helped to establish the myth of a connection between Air America, the CIA, and the Laotian drug trade. Vietnam Veterans are less likely to be in prison - only 1/2 of one percent of Vietnam Veterans have been jailed for crimes. In May of 1969, Chip was blown high into a hedge of bamboo. Myth: The United States lost the war in Vietnam. . He carries the M16A1 Armalite rifle, which the small-statured Vietnamese found ideally suited to their needs. No Victory Parades: The Return of the Vietnam Veteran. . "I hailed from a steel community and we handed out 29,000 boys from my county alone. From a military standpoint, it was almost an unprecedented performance. Starr, Paul. Charlie Cargo, an American soldier who served as a dog handler in Vietnam, remembered an occasion when his dog, Wolf, saved his life: "He latched onto my hand. The Discarded Army. Innocent people get killed. Vietnamese peasants grew rice in these lowland Flaherty was born to a mother who, unknown to her, had a blood type that made her second-born son vulnerable to oxygen deprivation in his infancy, which stunted his growth. Upon arriving in Vietnam, American soldiers found themselves in a strange land of watery fields and dense jungles. Book review. Helmer, John. (as Cincinnatus). Many men volunteered for the draft so even some of the draftees were actually Servicemen who went to Vietnam from well-to-do areas had a slightly elevated risk of dying because they were more likely to be pilots or infantry officers. I knew nothing about the aims of the peoplewhether they were for the war or against the war . Antiwar groups claimed that the increasing numbers of desertions proved that the American combat troops opposed the war. They stuck together and often refused to associate with whites. Asian countries had the highest share of overseas troops (38%), while around a third were deployed to Europe (32%). WebA weighted average gives us a figure of 22.96 (Standard Deviation: 5.85) which is pretty close to the linked information above from the CACF. '", In addition to these physical discomforts, the American troops also experienced constant anxiety and tension in Vietnam. More than fifty-eight thousand American soldiers and an estimated two million Vietnamese soldiers and civilians were killed in the Vietnam War (1954, Westmoreland, William C. 58,169 were killed and 304,000 wounded out of 2.59 million who served. 1968: At Khe Sanh, 5,000 Marines hold off 20,000 North Vietnamese for 77 days. Most Agent Orange contained .0002 of 1 percent of dioxin. For example, many of these men inherited strong family traditions of military service and felt it was their duty to join the armed forces. But race relations deteriorated significantly in non-combat support units and base camps during the late 1960s. 6. For US Soldiers the initial tour was 365 days (one year). In the early years of the war, some U.S. soldiers expected the South Vietnamese people to greet them as heroes. At first, many U.S. soldiers felt sympathy for the South Vietnamese people. trails, waiting for those things to explode, we had begun to feel more like victims than soldiers. He wrote letters to my sister, I wrote letters to his sister. The average age of American troops in Vietnam was nineteen, compared to an average age of twenty-six for U.S. soldiers in World War II (193945). "Looking at your watch, counting the days, marking off the days you have left in Vietnam on a little calendar drawn on your helmet," veteran Tim O'Brien remembered of his time on combat patrol. The final third enlisted because they expected to be drafted soon. Over the ten years of the war, Operation Ranch Hand sprayed about eleven million gallons of Agent Orange on the South Vietnamese landscape. With regards the first table, original studies and sources should be Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). "Why didn't they get behind us? It was a "civilian" (Air America) Huey not Army or Marines. These carefully hidden explosive devices caused a great deal of death and suffering among the American troops. As part of 1967's Operation Cook in Quang Ngai Province, PFC Michael Mendoza fires his M16 Rifle to conduct reconnaissance. The U.S. Embassy and its helipad were much larger. Your e-mail address will be used to confirm your account. [VHPA databases], Army UH-1's totaled more than 10,693,902 flight hours in Vietnam between October 1966 and the end of Many people criticized the government policies that selected mainly young, uneducated men from the nation's less-affluent families to serve in Vietnam. Some American soldiers reacted to their situation by lashing out violently against the Vietnamese, while others took out their anger on U.S. military leaders. We believe that the Huey along with the Huey Cobra have more combat flight [All That We Can Be]. [McCaffrey], Vietnam veterans have a lower unemployment rate than our non-vet age group. POPULATION: 70-80 million [Parade Magazine]. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. WebWhat was the average age of American soldiers in Vietnam? He also fell below the Army's weight requirement of 100 pounds. "If the war was so important, why didn't our leaders put everyone's son in there, why only us?". U.S. soldiers felt toward the Vietnamese people. "But she watches your men walk down a trail and get "No event in American history is more misunderstood than the Vietnam War. LOCATION: Vietnam But I went home, got on the computer and looked him up, and it checked out.. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Americans were tall because Quang Binh Province, Vietnam He agreed to cooperate, but said that once we got started, I had to promise to finish the project, Yuzuk said. Richard Flaherty (far right) seen with members of the Army's 101st Airborne Division. The year was the most expensive in the Vietnam War with the American spending US$77.4 billion (US$ 603 billion in Vietnam Veterans were the best educated forces our nation had ever sent into combat. After a while, some U.S. soldiers began to feel like the purpose of their endless patrolling was to serve as bait for attacks by enemy forces. As of 1967, eighty percent of the American troops had a high school education or less, and only six percent had completed four years of college. For troops in the field, this strategy placed a strong emphasis on "body counts," or the number of enemy soldiers killed. Vietnam War Reference Library. WebFind many great new & used options and get the best deals for JXK1/6 North American Gray Wolf Model LXF2209 12" Soldier Accessory Decor Gift at the best online prices at eBay! Approximately 5'8" average height. [Westmoreland], Democracy Catching On - In the wake of the Cold War, democracies are flourishing, with 179 of the world's 192 sovereign states (93%) now electing their legislators, according to the Geneva-based Inter-Parliamentary Union. As a result, less than one percent of all Americans wounded who survived the first 24 hours died. WebPrivate First Class Bullock arrived in South Vietnam on May 18, 1969, and was assigned as a rifleman in 2nd Squad, 2nd Platoon, Company F, 2nd Battalion 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division. Excerpts from recent editorials in the United States and abroad: Feb. 26. (Westmoreland quoting Douglas Pike, a professor at the University of California, Berkley a renowned expert on the Vietnam War) [Westmoreland] This included Tet 68, which was a major military defeat for the VC and NVA. North Vietnam was to return all American POWs.No more American troops or military supplies were to be sent to South Vietnam. March 1, 2023, 4:22 PM. What was the average age of soldiers in Vietnam? Many officers who commanded U.S. troops in Vietnam were good leaders who earned the respect of their men. Yuzuk used his own funds and a crowdsourcing campaign to produce The Giant Killer, an 80-minute documentary available on Amazon Prime and iTunes, released late last year. Rather than trying to capture and hold territory as they had in In 1968, for example, American patrols encountered the enemy on only one out of every hundred missions. Official U.S. military policy prevented them from being brought back to America out of fears that they might carry diseases. Myth: Agent Orange poisoned millions of Vietnam veterans. One out of every 10 Americans who served in Vietnam was a casualty. In the rear [non-combat support areas], back at Gator, Chip and I would go our separate ways, by color, both of us ashamed but knowing it had to be that way. Scattered thunderstorms this evening becoming more widespread overnight. Some of these displaced villagers survived by collecting and using the garbage left behind by American forces. Vietnam War Reference Library. That month, his platoon came under heavy automatic weapons and rocket propelled grenade fire from a North Vietnamese Army force. This destruction left many Vietnamese people homeless and forced them to live as refugees. You love your friends in Alpha Companya kid named Chip, my buddy. In the bush, though, nothing kept us apart. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978. This low overall average probably was due to the larger number of "new" Americansimmi- grants or first-generation Americans. G.Huested/The Vietnam Slide Project 12 of 40 With regards the first table, original studies and sources should be consulted for details on methodology and the exact populations measured, surveyed, or considered.With regards the second table, these estimated figures for said countries and During the spring "monsoon" season it would rain nonstop for days at a time. [Nixon] No More Vietnams by Richard Nixon. He was always recommending books and talking about philosophy, work and politics and eventually giving me advice. The United States defeat in Vietnam led to a See answer (1) Best Answer. ." In this way, many young men ended up serving in Vietnam whether they wanted to or not. "The CDC Vietnam Experience Study Mortality Assessment showed that during the first 5 years after discharge, deaths from suicide were 1.7 times more likely among Vietnam veterans than non-Vietnam veterans. Although he is the subject of a new documentary available on Amazon Prime and iTunes and a soon-to-be-released book, the full story of Capt. WebThe average age of a soldier in Vietnam was 19, and he was likely to be unmarrieda significant difference from a soldier in World War II. As military dogs, they were trained to sniff out booby traps, land mines, tunnels, snipers, and hidden stashes of weapons and other supplies. On average there were only about 35,000 combat soldiers in Vietnam, on the average. Instead, the dogs were classified as "surplus armaments" (extra military equipment) and either put to sleep or left with the South Vietnamese army when the U.S. troops were withdrawn in 1973. But he may have left me with more mysteries than Ill ever be able to solve.. 2. The Washington Post on how to fix freight rail. Their feelings of vulnerability were increased by strained relations with Vietnam's rural communities. One factor was the miserable conditions the soldiers faced on a daily basis, from exhausting marches to dangerous traps and ambushes. That special task began to take shape in September 1966, when Flaherty received a letter from Rep. Donald J. Irwin, D-Conn., informing him that the Armys Surgeon General had recommended granting a waiver to the height requirement. Some of them considered the military a good place to receive training. "Almost as Some of these men were career military officers. In the early years of the war, a young man could automatically be deferred from the draft by_____. Flaherty enlisted late that year. MILTON The shortest soldier to serve in the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War, a highly decorated officer who completed one tour of duty as a platoon leader with an airborne battalion and another as a Green Beret captain, lies at rest in an as-yet unmarked grave in a Milton cemetery. They also became increasingly frustrated by trying to fight an enemy they could not see. [The Wall Street Journal] The Wall Street Journal, 1 June 1996 page A15. This famous picture is the property of UPI Corbus-Bettman Photo Agency. The rest remained in the United States or served on bases in Europe. "The American Soldier in Vietnam By that time, Flaherty had been promoted to captain and awarded two Bronze Stars for bravery and two Purple Hearts for combat wounds, in addition to the Silver Star. Create a password that only you will remember. [Nixon]. What was the average age of soldiers in Vietnam? New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971. In the American Civil War, a typical Union soldier might carry a total of 60 lbs. We fought to an agreed stalemate. [VHPA databases]. About 100,000 U.S. soldiers were discharged from the military for such offenses. For more information see Free shipping for many products! [Houk]. Communism A political system in which the government controls all resources and means of producing wealth. Vietnam: A History. You could probably get a waiver in the Army, but youd also probably not be allowed to do quite a few jobs. I cant say Im 100% sure about the oth "The problem is that those who think the Vietnamese haven't cooperated sufficiently think there is some central repository with answers to all the lingering questions," notes Gen. John Vessey, the former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Reagan and Bush administration's designated representative in MIA negotiations. Very few U.S. soldiers came from upper-class families. 9 1965: President Johnson increases troops to 184,300. You love the miracle of your own enduring capacity for love. While there are still officially more than 2,200 cases, there now are only 55 incidents of American servicemen who were last seen alive but aren't accounted for. "Pogo" Hunter who died in 1995. The number of U.S. soldiers who left their units for more than 30 days without permission increased from 15 per 1,000 in 1966 to 70 per 1,000 in 1972. Rarely have so many people been so wrong about so much. The average time lapse between wounding to hospitalization was less than one hour. They believed that the military offered opportunities for training and career advancement that were not available to them in civilian society. According to statistics, the average soldier was a 19-year-old man from a working class family, who did not go to college. [1996 Information Please Almanac], There were almost twice as many casualties in Southeast Asia (primarily Cambodia) the first two years after the fall of Saigon in 1975 then there were during the ten years the U.S. was involved in Vietnam. In reality, few soldiers left their units during combat patrols of South Vietnampartly because it was even more dangerous to travel through the countryside alone. ed. Second and third tours were in 6 month increments. increased from 2 percent of American soldiers to 22 percent. [1996 Information Please Almanac] 1995 Information Please Almanac Atlas & Yearbook 49th edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston & New York 1996, pages 117, 161 and 292. ", As they traveled through the countryside looking for enemy forces, American combat patrols routinely entered and searched South Vietnamese villages for hidden weapons, extra supplies of food, young men of military age, and other possible signs of Viet Cong activity. This atmosphere of fear and distrust caused some men to behave in immoral ways they would never have demonstrated under normal circumstances. Partly due to their young age and working-class backgrounds, the U.S. soldiers in Vietnam did not tend to be well-educated. Only a third of Vietnam vets were draftees. They would march for days or weeks at a time, carrying heavy packs full of food, clothing, weapons, and ammunition. Your account has been registered, and you are now logged in. They believed it was important to stop the spread of communism in Southeast Asia. You have permission to edit this article. Invalid password or account does not exist. In the rice paddies, the U.S. soldiers often slogged through water and mud that came up to their waists. The constant threat of triggering a hidden explosive caused some soldiers to become paralyzed with fear and indecision. [1996 Information Please Almanac], POW-MIA Issue (unaccounted-for versus missing in action), Politics & People, On Vietnam, Clinton Should Follow a Hero's Advice, Baskir, Lawrence M., and William A. Strauss. The two began meeting more frequently, and Yuzuk became so fascinated with Flahertys story that he asked permission to tell it in the form of a documentary. Hundreds of dogs were killed in action in Vietnam, but it is estimated that their efforts prevented over 10,000 human casualties. Even though U.S. combat patrols encountered Viet Cong guerillas and NVA soldiers only rarely, they often found For example, U.S. soldiers resented officers who directed dangerous field combat from the safety of high-flying helicopters or distant command posts. North Vietnamese military leader What as the average height of US SOldier in Vietnam? WebAssuming KIAs accurately represented age groups serving in Vietnam, the average age of an infantryman (MOS 11B) serving in Vietnam to be 19 years old is a myth, it is actually Myth: Air America, the airline operated by the CIA in Southeast Asia, and its pilots were involved in drug trafficking. Harnage, ", in which he states that the average age of the American combat soldier in Vietnam was 19.. of equipment, including a ten-pound musket. The Wall), Center for Electronic Records, National Archives, Washington, DC, [All That We Can Be] All That We Can Be by Charles C. Moskos and John Sibley Butler, [Westmoreland] Speech by General William C. Westmoreland before the Third Annual Reunion of the Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Association (VHPA) at the Washington, DC Hilton Hotel on July 5th, 1986 (reproduced in a Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Association Historical Reference Directory Volume 2A). U.S. troops in Vietnam (see Chapter 8, "The American Antiwar Movement"). One of the main U.S. strategies for winning the war was to kill as many Viet Cong and NVA forces as possible. Over time, as mines and booby traps killed and injured more American soldiers, U.S. combat patrols grew angry that the villagers did not warn them of nearby dangers. The Washington Post on how to fix freight rail. South Vietnam Created under the Geneva Accords of 1954, the southern section of Vietnam was known as the Republic of South Vietnam. American combat soldiers had to remain alert at all times, even when they were exhausted from many hours of patrolling. Myth: The domino theory was proved false. As they marched through the rice paddies and jungles, U.S. combat units never knew when enemy forces would suddenly appear. More American troops be deferred from the military for such offenses this famous picture is property. It was almost an unprecedented performance June 1996 page A15 20,000 North Vietnamese Army force probably get waiver! 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