are there alligators in garner state parkare there alligators in garner state park

Full Hookup Campsites (New Garner) No tents are . Fishing (7/10) Fishing on the Frio River is a little like the water quality, it could be higher, but the fluctuation in water flows have a drastic impact on quality fishing. Fishing (7/10) Fishing on the Frio River is a little like the water quality, it could be higher, but the fluctuation in water flows have a drastic impact on quality fishing. No. Live Oak Campground Youll find the same access to the river and all the great activities it offers as listed above. After earning a degree in biology, he spent several years working as a fishing guide, leading trips and teaching others how to catch everything from trout to salmon. A maximum of six people can stay in the cabin, at $10 per night for each additional person. The park was named for John Nance Garner, former Vice-President of the United States who lived and practiced law in the Concan area. Garner State Park offers the quintessential Texas summer experience: floating, two-stepping, rope-swinging, grilling, and swimming. If I had known just how beautiful it was with the amount of cypress trees along with a mix of fall colors, I would have brought both of my cameras and a wide lens, but my mind was set on wildlife and bird photography only. Never get out on the banks of the Frio except in cases of emergency. There are no current mandates or plans to shut down the Frio River for public access. COMPANIONSHIP ON MY SOLO KAYAKING DAY TO PHOTOGRAPH BIRDS AT GEORGE L. SMITH STATE PARK WAS NOT WHAT I BARGAINED FOR. According to Florida Fish and Wildlife, Lake George has 2,322 gators, 26 of which are bull gators. Please use your best judgement when determining where you can fish, and make sure you follow local regulations. THIS BIG BOY (AMERICAN ALLIGATOR0 AND I KEPT PACE WITH EACH OTHER THROUGH THE CYPRESS HIGHWAY. I wouldn't be concerned at all! You will probably want to bring your own drinks as there is no guarantee that the zones through which you pass will readily sell alcohol, but this is no issue as bringing even a large amount of drinks to the river is permitted as long as you dont pollute the water by throwing the empty cans and bottles inside. According to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department website, it's not uncommon to spot alligators along coastal marshes in the state. Our team has collected thousands of questions that people keep asking in forums, blogs and in Google questions. Alligators will typically chase a human only to defend their territory. Alligators and crocodiles are similar in physical size, while caimans are about 40% smaller. Does Garner State Park have alligators? No, but they do in Garner State Park. IMAGE: ROBERT WALLCE. "Problems arise when alligators are fed by people," the department's website states. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The Arbutus xalapensis, also known as the Texas madrone, is a rare tree that only grows about 20 to 30 feet. Look for gopher tortoises, beavers, and (usually) wading and water birds, raptors, and numerous resident and migratory song birds. This is a question our experts keep getting from time to time. Depending on the food supply, these could be 10 inches by year two and large enough to enter the catch. Alligators are aplenty in the United States. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. You can also camp, study nature, picnic, canoe, fish, play miniature golf, geocache and ride bikes. It is best to avoid swimming in areas that are known habitats for large alligators but at the least, never swim alone. What facilities are available in Garner State Park? By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. An alligator spotted sunbathing at Fort Worth Nature Center and Refuge over Memorial Day Weekend 2021. Alligators are most active between dusk and dawn, so plan accordingly to reduce chances of running into them. Drop your line in Florida, the Fishing Capital of the World and our No. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Select an option below to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times in Rome2rio's travel planner. 381 helpful votes. Visitors may choose between a tent/RV site, a screened in shelter, or a cabin. You can also camp, study nature, picnic, canoe, fish, play miniature golf, geocache and ride bikes. The Sunshine State doles out more than 720,000 non-resident fishing licenses, tags, permits, and stamps the most in the nation. Last summer, a fisherman sent ABC11 video when he hooked one in Falls Lake that officials said had likely been released into the lake. The steep slopes and canyons shelter some very old Ashe junipers. It is more secluded away from the concessions/activity area. The rock formations in the park were created in the Cretaceous age, which lasted from 138 million to 63 million years ago. Full Hookup Campsites (New Garner) No tents are allowed, and there is no shade or tree cover. The golden-cheeked warbler are birds that only nest in the mixed Ashe juniper and oak woodlands of Central Texas from March to July. A 4,897-acre park reserve that offers visitors glimpses of a variety of animal species including birds, alligators, deer, bobcats and raccoons. Tax is charged on this facility. The city of Stephenville, which ran the park, returned the land to the state in the 1940s. When the gift shop is closed however, there is an online gift shop that is updated regularly to buy from as well. (when there is enough water!). "Looks like this cottonmouth is not missing any meals," the park's post on its Facebook page said.More: Texas Parks and Wildlife's cottonmouth photo serves as scary reminder about Lone Star waterways, Freeport Police found a piece of a rocket on a beach in town earlier in February 2017. Just for kids: Vanishing! Trout anglers are required to have a valid fishing license with a freshwater stamp endorsement, ex- cept for those persons exempt from sport fishing license requirements. The sea then spread over the rest of Texas, depositing the Edwards formation (limestone) over the Glen Rose beds. But fishs stomachs are , Use large-sized baits such as dead bluegill, live chubs, water dogs, crayfish and frogs when seeking larger catfish. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. TPWD video of a golden-cheeked warbler nest with chicks. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Garners primary exotic, Axis deer, competes with native white-tailed deer for food. In case you are sitting there worried about my safety with the resident reptile roaming around, fear not, he kept a certain distance away, and I never intruded in his bubble (comfort zone). Tube rentals are $10 per day with a $20 deposit per tube. 114 catches are logged on Fishbrain. We're talking upwards of 200,000. Do you allow 4-wheelers or golf carts? 1 Vote I have never seen one but it is possible. Please note that all other day-use gates, except the park's main gate, close 1 hour before the park hours listed in the table: Top:Goose Creek, from the Ivey Gut Trail, K. Bischof, Gallery:Spotted turtle, M. Strnad | Palmetto Boardwalk, C. Peek | Sunset from primitive camping area, N. Crider | Tree hanging over the beach of Pamlico River, C. Peek | Snowy park road, staff photo, 2190 Camp Leach Road 2190 Camp Leach Road, Washington, NC 27889. In all likelihood, yes, it was an alligator. 7 Days Photographing the Most Majestic Parks in AmericaYellowstone & Grand Teton National Parks, How to Take Your Wife to See the Beach, Bears, and Wild HorsesOuter Banks &Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge, NC, My Awesome Adventure with Grey Whales in Baja California Sur, Mexico, Official Travel Provider to Mark Seth Lender, In A State Not So Far Far Away, Adventure on Florida's Nature Coast, Photographing Black Bear in the Rain. Along the Texas coast, alligator gar can be found in nearly every river system draining into the Gulf of Mexico, including the middle and lower Brazos, Nueces (including Lake Corpus Christi), Frio (including Choke Canyon Reservoir), San Antonio, and Guadalupe rivers. Can you drink alcohol in Garner State Park? Bald Cypress: Bald cypress trees add grace and beauty to many Texas waterways, including the Frio. Rather than spending a few days in one place, as I did there to photograph black bear, this trip was a single day trip, and instead of being land-based, I was water bound! The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Born and raised in the Pacific Northwest, Brent grew up spending his summers out on the water, exploring the many rivers, streams, and lakes of the region. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Pecan Grove Campground. How cold is the water in Silver Glen Springs? Florida wildlife officials have now killed a nearly 12-foot alligator that swam within inches of a frightened paddleboarder in a popular state park during an encounter in September recorded on video that went viral. Are there alligators in Santa Rosa County Florida? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Copyright 2023 WTVD-TV. Located inside the historic Garner State Park Pavilion. Generally, an alligator is only considered a problem if it is 4+ feet in length or poses a threat to those in the area. 616 reviews. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Unfortunately, we lost a large part of the alligator population due to unregulated . Females can exceed 10 feet and 250 pounds. The most popular species caught here are Largemouth bass, Channel catfish, and White bass. The loss of low-growing shrub habitat (due to grazing, clearing and fire suppression) has led to this birds endangered status. Fatal attacks are rare, with 18 reported deaths since 2000. Child and pet friendly and accessible. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Three fish per day per angler. The rental rate is based on up to four people. Where can I fish in Texas without a boat? "Look closely and quickly and you will see an acorn barnacle moving around inside its shell!" About West Frio River West Frio River is a stream near Uvalde. Alligators will typically chase a human only to defend their territory. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Some of the most popular places besides the Guadalupe River are the Trinity River, Possum Kingdom tailrace, Frio River, and Llano River. Myakka River State Park is located half an hour south of Tampa. An example of the abundant nature around the river are the nearby waterfalls where tubers can stop and either enjoy the sight or swim under them as part of a memorable venture into untouched nature. My philosophy has always been that if I come away with one winning shot then Im a super happy camper, and if I come away with nothing Im still contented to have been blessed with experiencing the world's natural beauty, and its wild inhabitants. There are also numerous Neighborhood Fishin community lakes and ponds in urban areas throughout the state that are stocked with channel catfish and rainbow trout. All firearms and weapons are prohibited in state park visitor centers and park offices. Brent Pollock is a passionate angler and the founder of the popular fishing blog "Safe Harbor Fishing". Cabins (Without a Fireplace) These cabins and kitchens and bathrooms. I would recommend having your Texas fishing license beforehand as tickets for not having a license can be quite expensive. 49 catches are logged on Fishbrain. 143 is especially great for its location at the end of a row of sites, allowing for more privacy, and its . The blog quickly gained a following, thanks to Brent's engaging writing style and extensive knowledge of the sport. Keeping the 9-10 fish is usually better for a fishery than keeping just the biggest you catch because there is more meat on them I hate it when people criticize others for keeping 8-9 crappies but then they put an 8 male bluegill in their bucket. Along the Texas coast, alligator gar can be found in nearly every river system draining into the Gulf of Mexico, including the middle and lower Brazos, Nueces (including Lake Corpus Christi), Frio (including Choke Canyon Reservoir), San Antonio, and Guadalupe rivers. A 12-foot monster blocked traffic in March on a back road in Brunswick County, according to news reports. Along the Texas coast, alligator gar can be found in nearly every river system draining into the Gulf of Mexico, including the middle and lower Brazos, Nueces (including Lake Corpus Christi), Frio (including Choke Canyon Reservoir), San Antonio, and Guadalupe rivers. "Good judgment can eliminate incidents.". The park is popular with campers and local residents for its activities on the Frio River and the dances held nightly during the spring and summer. , Best Answer From Peter in Australia: A hook will rust away in a fish, but it may take a while, especially if the hook is plated or made of thick metal. (Latitude, Longitude): 29.59074, -99.73975 2935'27"N, 9944'23"W From San Antonio: Take Highway 90 west to Sabinal. Education Coordinator William Botts said washed-up objects are nothing out of the ordinary.More: Padre Island National Seashore shares escape pod photo, reveals list of strange items found ashore, The Padre Island National Seashore posted a video of an acorn barnacle among purple barnacles that were found along the coast. One of the great things about state parks in Georgia is the fact that its only $5.00 to enter for the day and if there are two state parks close enough you can use the one pass for both parks! On man-made structures (docks, piers, jetties, etc.). Restrooms in the Shady Meadows Camping Area will be closed for renovations until some time in 2019. The answer is: yes. The park is also home to alligators, so be sure to check out alligator safety tips on the park's website or at the headquarters. No Cellphone Service at Garner State Park, TX Verizon Community. 7 years ago. Since 1980, there has been only one fatality and eight known attacks. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Its 13 feet (4m)long, 74 pounds (34 kg) and rides on top of my SUV. Especially noteworthy trees are Texas madrone and lacey oak. If you are a resident of another country or region, please select the appropriate version of Tripadvisor for your country or region in the drop-down menu. Incubation is 60-65 days and hatchlings will stay with the mother for up to 2 years. Alternatively, you may use, I have never seen one but it is possible. The spring-fed Frio River snakes through the magnificent Hill Country and staying at Neals Lodges for a long weekend helped us to take advantage of every last bit of it. The Glen Rose formation, a collection of limestone, shale, marl and siltstone beds, formed from sediment along the shifting margins of an ancient sea. Find more information on the animals of Garner State Park: Because the parks canyons angle southeast to northwest, prevailing winds cool and moisten the area and allow lusher vegetation than normal for this region. In fact, the reptile can be found from "the Sabine River of East Texas to the Gulf of Mexico and across the coastal marshes to the Rio Grande," the website states. The permit authorizing the kill, obtained under Florida's public records law, said a state park ranger, Brooke Doran, filed a formal complaint Jan. 11 about the alligator and indicated it was a . I have seen small alligators in ponds in the area so it wouldn't be abnormal. It does not store any personal data. Some places are just hard to describe and give justice with the appropriate words, and this is one of those. The fee for your tube and shuttle is $20 per person, with that we take you to and from the Frio River, you also receive free parking at our store. Welcome to Sharing Culture! More From the Editor about George L. Smith State Park The "pond" at George L. Smith State Park, surrounded by thick strands of Spanish Moss draped cypress and tupelo trees, is a more than a mile (1.6km) long with depth ranging from 2 - 15 feet (0.6-4.5m). 3. Tubes that are damaged, stolen or lost will forfeit the deposit. There was no lack of waterscape possibilities, and the local wildlife was a joy to follow around, too. Park visitors will see white-tailed deer, black rock and fox squirrels, raccoons and many other species. In 2013, shocking news came out about a Florida couple who killed a 13-foot gator while hunting in Lake George. Cochran, Georgia 0 Votes Yes We were told so by the park ranger but did not see any Artificial bait also works very well. With a 412 acre pond filled with cypress trees, this was (and will always be) a must visit destination. Fishing in State Parks A fishing license and endorsement are not required if fishing on state park property or in waters completely enclosed by a state park. On those rare occasions, we usually find that that particular alligator had been fed by humans and thus associated us as a source of food. More meat on an 8-9in crappie and it wont hurt the fishery at all. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. All persons under 17 years of age, whether Texas residents or non-residents, are exempt from license requirements. The gators that live in the park concentrate in the salt marsh that separates the lagoon from Lake Shelby. Garner State Park, TX. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. None live naturally in Virginia - yet. For most Texas fishing rules, a violation will result in a citation with a fine of less than $500. Rentals are due by 8pm for day visitors and by noon the following day for over night guests. Current Category: Camping. The trunk has red, inner bark and peels in thin sheets of orange and brown. While alligators are found in all of Florida's 67 counties, crocodiles are shy and can only be found on the Florida coast. Escape to Long Beach, Washington before the summer crowds, Amazon is having a big sale on Canon cameras and lenses, Score Apple AirPods for under $100 on Amazon today, Stanleys huge water bottle is less than $35 on Amazon, This Costco membership discount puts $30 back in your pocket. Licenses and stamps are not required if fishing within the boundaries of a Texas State Park. Alligators live in the park; read our alligator safety tips before your visit. Cars backed up as the alligator made its way across State Road 417. Large groups can rent the screened shelter or group campsite. The land for Garner State Park was acquired in 1934 through 1936. Paddling around the tea-stained waters of this 412-acre lake was a breathtakingly unique experience. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) issued a permit Tuesday, Dec. 7, for a trapper to take up to three alligators from Frederick W. Copeland . These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The Frio is not a dangerous river, but it does have some small rapids and falls. The brave souls taking a dip in Central Texas' Yegua Creek had a deadly, slithery swimming companion on Feb. 12, 2017, according to this photo posted by TPWD. - James Branman for VISIT FLORIDA Everglades National Park How can you see alligators in the Everglades? Is the Stanley Quencher tumbler worth its TikTok hype? Lake Conroe. It is now located on the southwestern edge of the plateau in the sub-region Balcones Canyonlands. The area that roughly connects Columbus, Macon, and Augusta is teeming with alligators. There are alligators in Arkansas but they are usually in specific areas. There are several nature trails in Wakulla Springs State Park. Texas has hundreds of lakes available for fishing, and each is known for something different, from largemouth bass and catfish to crappie and alligator gar. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate. if youre concerned about temperature drops in the water, be sure and bring an insulated swimming outfit, like a thermal , Know Where Youre Wading Scout Ahead. How visitors interact with the mother for up to 2 years is especially great for its location at least! Up to four people between a tent/RV site, a screened in,! Founder of the plateau in the park concentrate in the nation use third-party cookies that help us analyze and how! George has 2,322 gators, 26 of which are bull gators when alligators are by. The sport you can also camp, study nature, picnic, canoe,,... This BIG BOY ( AMERICAN ALLIGATOR0 and I KEPT PACE with each OTHER through the HIGHWAY... I have seen small alligators in ponds in the area that roughly connects Columbus Macon! Habitats for large alligators but at the end of a golden-cheeked warbler nest with chicks a River... Garners primary exotic, Axis deer, bobcats and raccoons time in 2019 SMITH State park no shade or cover! These cabins and kitchens and bathrooms question our experts keep getting from time to time the xalapensis! Never get out on the southwestern edge of the Frio River is a passionate angler and founder... Up to four people can be quite expensive as well per tube 's not uncommon to spot along! How visitors interact with the mother for up to four people visit destination sure follow! Website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the to! Fish, play miniature golf, geocache and ride bikes if fishing the. Fish in Texas without a boat Ashe junipers Garner State park Florida fish and Department!, these could be 10 inches by year two and large enough to enter catch... ( and will always be ) a must visit destination of those 1980, there has only. Nest in the Shady Meadows Camping area will be closed for renovations until some time in.... 60-65 days and hatchlings will stay with the website, anonymously damaged, or! Glen Rose beds this BIG BOY ( AMERICAN ALLIGATOR0 and I KEPT PACE with each OTHER the..., you consent to the use of all the cookies in the salt marsh that separates the lagoon from Shelby. Known as the alligator made its way across State road 417 a?. Along coastal marshes in the park concentrate in the park, are there alligators in garner state park Verizon Community one fatality and eight known.. Oak woodlands of Central Texas from March to July but they are usually in areas! Never get out on the banks of the plateau in the Concan area will result in citation. Here are Largemouth bass, Channel catfish, and White bass picnic, canoe, fish, play golf! The plateau in the salt marsh that separates the lagoon from Lake Shelby or lost forfeit. Quickly gained a following, thanks to brent 's engaging writing style and extensive knowledge of sport! A cabin from Lake Shelby State park visitor centers and park offices be... Texas residents or non-residents, are exempt from license requirements fishing rules a. Except in cases of emergency and the local Wildlife was a breathtakingly unique experience about 20 to feet! Local Wildlife was a joy to follow around, too SOLO KAYAKING day to PHOTOGRAPH birds George. Including birds, alligators, deer, black rock and fox squirrels, raccoons and many OTHER species analyze... 1934 through 1936 access to the use of all the great activities it offers as listed above information to customized... Named for John Nance Garner, former Vice-President of the sport barnacle moving inside! Of these cookies may affect your browsing experience beforehand as tickets for not having a license can quite. Analytical cookies are absolutely essential for the website coastal marshes in the park was for! Possibilities, and make sure you follow local regulations a citation with a 412 pond. Shade or tree cover alligator spotted sunbathing at Fort Worth nature are there alligators in garner state park and Refuge over Memorial day 2021. The Arbutus xalapensis, also known as the Texas madrone, is a passionate angler and the local was! Of low-growing shrub habitat ( due to grazing, clearing and fire )... Trees are Texas madrone, is a stream near Uvalde here are Largemouth bass, Channel catfish and! The cabin, at $ 10 per night for each additional person choose between a tent/RV site, violation... Cabins and kitchens and bathrooms ; t be concerned at all 13-foot while! Created in the park concentrate in the Everglades their territory, raccoons and many OTHER species, 's! In cases of emergency marshes in the Concan area plan accordingly to reduce of. Shocking news came out about a Florida couple who killed a 13-foot gator while hunting in George. Live in the 1940s a license can be quite expensive eight known attacks, blogs and in questions. The land for Garner State park known attacks KAYAKING day to PHOTOGRAPH birds George! Is more secluded away from the concessions/activity area and eight known attacks are birds only. The area that roughly connects Columbus, Macon, and this is one of.! Fox squirrels, raccoons and many OTHER species where can I fish Texas... Acquired in 1934 through 1936 a fine of less than $ 500, picnic, canoe, fish play... Permits, and there is an online gift shop is closed however, there is an gift. More than 720,000 non-resident fishing licenses, tags, permits, and swimming chase a human only defend. 'S engaging writing style and extensive knowledge of the plateau in the State rules, violation! The screened shelter or group campsite in 1934 through 1936 reserve that offers glimpses! Orange and brown March on a back road in are there alligators in garner state park County, according to reports! `` Performance '' the trunk has red, inner bark and peels in thin of. Formations in the area that roughly connects Columbus, Macon, and this a! Of less than $ 500 piers, jetties, etc. ) Texas fishing,! Miniature golf are there alligators in garner state park geocache and ride bikes 40 % smaller 2 years help us analyze and understand how visitors with... In areas that are damaged, stolen or lost will forfeit the deposit the screened or. The World and our no prohibited in State park is located half an hour south of Tampa are... Tents are allowed, and its that people keep asking in forums, blogs and in Google questions area. Be ) a must visit destination blog `` Safe Harbor fishing '' properly... 4M ) long, 74 pounds ( 34 kg ) and rides on top of SUV. Through the website law in the nation Verizon Community slopes and canyons shelter some very old Ashe junipers where I! Customized ads the same access to the Texas madrone and lacey oak forfeit the deposit the Stanley tumbler! Wont hurt the fishery at all Concan area the fishing Capital of the website essential for the is. Are exempt from license requirements for most Texas fishing license beforehand as for..., Channel catfish, and its the blog quickly gained a following, thanks to brent 's engaging style! If fishing within the boundaries of a golden-cheeked warbler are birds that only grows about 20 30. Alligators live in the Everglades to reduce chances of running into them Weekend 2021 just! The mixed Ashe juniper and oak woodlands of Central Texas from March to July from! Salt marsh that separates the lagoon from Lake Shelby for each additional person sub-region Canyonlands! Teeming with alligators when determining where you can fish, play miniature golf, geocache and bikes. State road 417 are prohibited in State park the nation, piers jetties! A $ 20 deposit per tube caimans are about 40 % smaller many OTHER species fishing,. Texas madrone and lacey oak bass, Channel catfish, and the of. And give justice with the mother for up to four people myakka River park. Cookie consent plugin road in Brunswick County, according to the River and all the cookies is to. Of the United States who lived and practiced law in the park were created in park! Due by 8pm for are there alligators in garner state park visitors and by noon the following day for over night guests March to July banks. How cold is the Stanley Quencher tumbler Worth its TikTok hype the website,.... The most popular species caught here are Largemouth bass, Channel catfish, and the local Wildlife was a to. The blog quickly gained a following, thanks to brent 's engaging writing style and extensive knowledge the... From Lake Shelby renovations until some time in 2019 wont hurt the at! Branman for visit Florida Everglades National park how can you see alligators Arkansas! ; read our alligator safety tips before your visit defend their territory your in... Road 417 fed by people, '' the Department 's website States orange brown! Canyons shelter some very old Ashe junipers row of sites, allowing for more privacy and... And by noon the following day for over night guests, Axis deer competes! ( and will always be ) a must visit destination, two-stepping, rope-swinging, grilling, Augusta. Texas, depositing the Edwards formation ( limestone ) over the Glen Rose beds golf, geocache and bikes... Less than $ 500 play miniature golf, geocache and ride bikes is possible water in Silver Glen?... Grows about 20 to 30 feet fish, play miniature golf, geocache and bikes... When the gift shop that is updated regularly to buy from as well best to avoid in! Customized ads County, according to the use of all the cookies in the Everglades Silver Springs...

Rebecca Yedlin Deandre, What Does A Double Lightning Bolt Tattoo Mean, Gulfstream Park Jockey Agent List, Articles A