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Local lawyer and radio host Rose Sanders said, "Glorifying Nathan B. Forrest here is like glorifying a Nazi in Germany. Gen. Samuel D. Sturgis at the Battle of Brices Crossroads in northeastern Mississippi. The oldest of 12 children, Nathan Bedford Forrest was born July 13, 1821, in Chapel Hill, Tennessee. Nathan Bedford Forrest Bust.jpg 2,150 2,688; 2.22 MB. In July 2021, Tennessee officials voted to move Forrest's bust from the State Capitol to the Tennessee State Museum. Explore historical records and family tree profiles about Nathan Forrest on MyHeritage, the world's family history network. Tucker. The exhumation and reburial were the results of a campaign that began after the Unite the Right Rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2017. [207] In 2008, the Duval County School Board voted 52 against a push to change the name of Nathan Bedford Forrest High School in Jacksonville. Forrest County, Mississippi is named after him, as is Forrest City, Arkansas. Forrest's postwar business career was not as lucrative as his antebellum ventures. [170] These developments worked to the advantage of the Republicans, who focused on the Democratic Party's alleged disloyalty during and after the Civil War. Lieutenant Andrew Wills Gould, an artillery officer in Forrest's command, was being transferred, presumably because cannons under his command[66] were spiked (disabled) by the enemy[67] during the Battle of Day's Gap. Nathan Bedford Forrest Born: 13-Jul - 1821 Birthplace: Chapel Hill, TN Died: 29-Oct - 1877 Location of death: Memphis, TN Cause of death: Diabetes complications Remains: Buried, Forrest Park, Memphis, TN Gender: Male Race or Ethnicity: White Sexual orientation: Straight Occupation: Military Nationality: United States His opponent, U.S. Army Brig. [103][104], S.C. Gwynne writes, "Forrest's responsibility for the massacre has been actively debated for a century and a half. [158] Author Andrew Ward, however, writes, "In the spring of 1867, Forrest and his dragoons launched a campaign of midnight parades; 'ghost' masquerades; and 'whipping' and even 'killing Negro voters and white Republicans, to scare blacks off voting and running for office'". He liked horses because he liked fast movement, and his mounted men could get from here to there much faster than any infantry could; but when they reached the field they usually tied their horses to trees and fought on foot, and they were as good as the very best infantry.[223]. [77][78][79], Fort Pillow, located 40 miles (64km) upriver from Memphis (near Henning, Tennessee), was initially constructed by Confederate general Gideon Johnson Pillow on the bluffs of the Mississippi River, and taken over by U.S. forces in 1862 after the Confederates had abandoned the fort. [221] He grasped the doctrines of mobile warfare[222] that would eventually become prevalent in the 20th century. High schools named for Forrest were built in Chapel Hill, Tennessee and Jacksonville, Florida. He sidestepped some questions and pleaded failure of memory on others. Gene Kizer, Jr. [99] President Abraham Lincoln asked his cabinet for opinions as to how the United States should respond to the massacre. Nathan Bedford Forrest had two brothers who also served as Confederate officers during the Civil War: Colonel Jeffrey Edward Forrest and Lieutenant Colonel Jesse Anderson Forrest. [40], After the Civil War broke out, Forrest returned to Tennessee from his Mississippi ventures and enlisted in the Confederate States Army (CSA) on June 14, 1861. [243] On March 10, 2012, it was vandalized, and the bronze bust of the general disappeared. The Confederate States of America a slave narrator cites Nathan Bedford Forrest as the leader of a Confederate army that massacred hundreds of freed slaves in the North shortly after the Civil War, possibly an alternate reference to the Fort Pillow Massacre. I think people may make insensitive comments. [46] Forrest's command included his Escort Company (his "Special Forces"), for which he selected the best soldiers available. [132] According to Forrest biographer Jack Hurst, writers present at the public viewing of Forrest's body and the funeral procession noted many black citizens among them. A surgeon removed the musket ball a week later without anesthesia, which was unavailable. Nathan Bedford Forrest's critics have called him everything from a violent backwoodsman, illiterate redneck, and cruel slaver, to a crooked politician, unfaithful husband, and simple-minded hillbilly. The Blue Raiders' athletic mascot was changed to an ambiguous swash-buckler character called the "Blue Raider" to avoid association with Forrest or the Confederacy. [15] John Allan Wyeth, who served in an Alabama regiment under Forrest, described it as a one-room building with a loft and no windows. The illness also claimed Forrest's twin sister, Fanny. [112] Concerned about U.S. Army supply lines, Maj. Gen. Sherman sent a force under the command of Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith to deal with Forrest. Forrest carried a model 1840 officer's cavalry sword from Horstmann and Sons of Philadelphia. Despite having no formal military training, Forrest rose from the rank of private to lieutenant. 7,500. [147][148][149][150][151][152][153], Following the war, the United States Congress began passing the Reconstruction Acts to specify conditions for the readmission of former Confederate States to the United States,[154][155][156] including ratification of the Fourteenth (1868), and Fifteenth (1870) Amendments to the United States Constitution. Nathan Bedford Forrest Quotes. The aphorism was addressed and corrected as "Ma'am, I got there first with the most men" by a New York Times story in 1918. As a slave trader how many slaves did Nathan Bedford Forrest sell? He was particularly famous for his determination to be "first with the most men." He was born in Chapel Hill, Tennessee, on July 13, 1821. Their great-grandfather, Shadrach Forrest, moved between 1730 and 1740 from Virginia to North Carolina, where his son and grandson were born; they moved to Tennessee in 1806. Was Nathan a Confederate or Union member . He married Mary Ann Montgomery on 25 September 1845, in Hernando, DeSoto, Mississippi, United States. [98] The 226 U.S. Army troops taken prisoner at Fort Pillow were marched under guard to Holly Springs, Mississippi and then convoyed to Demopolis, Alabama. [6], Forrest's most decisive victory came on June 10, 1864, when his 3,500-man force clashed with 8,500 men commanded by U.S. Army Brig. This unit, which varied in size from 40 to 90 men, constituted the elite of his cavalry. The crowd of mourners was estimated to include 20,000 people. Our Confederate Ancestors: Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest and His Men in Action. [100], At the time of the massacre, General Grant was no longer in Tennessee but had transferred to the east to command all U.S. troops. McCreanor contracted to finish the Memphis & Little Rock Railroad, including a right-of-way that passed over the ridge. After his bloody defeat at Franklin, Hood continued to Nashville. [228] According to this analysis, Forrest's troops were carrying out Confederate policy. In 1978, Middle Tennessee State University abandoned imagery it had formerly used (in 1951, the school's yearbook, The Midlander, featured the first appearance of Forrest's likeness as MTSU's official mascot) and MTSU president M. G. Scarlett removed the General's image from the university's official seal. Gen. James Chalmers, attacked and recaptured Fort Pillow. His declaration had little effect, and few Klansmen destroyed their robes and hoods.[165]. CSA 18211877, one of the South's finest heroes. Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 October 29, 1877) was a prominent Confederate Army general during the American Civil War and the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan from 1867 to 1869. [248] Brett Joseph Forrest, a direct descendant of Nathan, spoke in support of the bust's removal. [109] When Sturgis's Federal army came upon the crossroads, they collided with Forrest's cavalry. [208] At the time the school was all white, but now more than half the student body is black. Forrest was known for his leadership of Confederate cavalry raiders during the war, leading them at the Fort Pillow massacre of 1864 and in numerous raids on Union supply lines. By then, all were fully armed with captured U.S. Army weapons. He acquired several cotton plantations in the Delta region of West Tennessee,[13] and became a slave trader at a time when demand for enslaved people was booming in the Deep South; his slave-trading business was based on Adams Street in Memphis. [246] In a nearly unanimous vote on July 7, the Memphis City Council passed a resolution in favor of removing the statue and securing the couple's remains for transfer. Perhaps the most highly regarded cavalry and partisan ( guerrilla) leader in the war, Forrest is regarded by many military historians as that conflict's most innovative and successful general. [127][128], During the Virginius Affair of 1873, some of Forrest's old Confederate friends were filibusters aboard the vessel; consequently, he wrote a letter to the then General-in-Chief of the United States Army William T. Sherman and offered his services in case a war were to break out between the United States and Spain. [14] He and his twin sister, Fanny, were the two eldest of 12 children. As of 2007[update], Tennessee had 32 dedicated historical markers linked to Nathan Bedford Forrest, more than are dedicated to all three former Presidents associated with the state combined: Andrew Jackson, James K. Polk, and Andrew Johnson. [171], Forrest testified before the Congressional investigation of Klan activities on June 27, 1871. [108] Forrest set up a position for an attack to repulse a pursuing force commanded by Sturgis, who had been sent to impede Forrest from destroying U.S. Army supply lines and fortifications. Tennessee officials voted Thursday to remove the bust of a Ku Klux Klan and Confederate leader Nathan Bedford Forrest from the State Capitol and into the Tennessee State Museum. Hood ordered Forrest to conduct an independent raid against the Murfreesboro garrison. John Goodwin, of Forrest's cavalry command, forwarded a dispatch listing the prisoners captured. Avoiding attack by never staying in one place long, Forrest eventually led his troops during the spring and summer of 1864 on raids into west Tennessee, as far north as the banks of the Ohio River in southwest Kentucky and into north Mississippi. Eva, TN 38333. [58][59], Forrest returned to his base in Mississippi with more men than he had started with. [196] The World War II Army base Camp Forrest in Tullahoma, Tennessee was named after him. [37] They had two children, William Montgomery Bedford Forrest (18461908), who enlisted at the age of 15 and served alongside his father in the war, and a daughter, Fanny (18491854), who died in childhood. Mary Frances . A bust sculpted by Jane Baxendale is on display at the Tennessee State Capitol building in Nashville. [218] U.S. Army General William Tecumseh Sherman called him "that devil Forrest" in wartime communications with Ulysses S. Grant and considered him "the most remarkable man our civil war produced on either side".[219][220][4]. Services were held at Court Avenue Presbyterian Church in Memphis before he was buried at Elmwood Cemetery. His uncle was killed there in 1845 during an argument with the Matlock brothers. [70] Like several others under Bragg's command, he urged an immediate follow-up attack to recapture Chattanooga, which had fallen a few weeks before. Forrest was blamed for the slaughter in the U.S. press, and this news may have strengthened the United States's resolve to win the war. [215], The Forrest Hill Academy high school in Atlanta, Georgia, which had been named for Forrest, was renamed the Hank Aaron New Beginnings Academy in April 2021 after the Atlanta Braves baseball star who had died less than three months prior. He wanted nothing more to do with the Klan, but felt honor bound to protect former associates. 200. Beliefs/Organizations. Nathan Bedford Forrest Birth 21 Feb 1938. The effort was spearheaded by Take 'Em Down 901, an organization dedicated to removing Confederate iconography founded by activist Tami Sawyer. They were the parents of at least 1 son and 1 daughter. Nathan Bedford Forrest (13 July 1821 - 29 October 1877) was a Lieutenant-General of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and the founder of the Ku Klux Klan terrorist group. He is remembered both as a self-educated, innovative cavalry leader during the war and as a leading southern advocate in the postwar years. On May 3, Forrest caught up with Streight's unit east of Cedar Bluff, Alabama. In August, a historical society called Friends of Forrest moved forward with plans for a new, larger monument to be 12 feet high, illuminated by LED lights, surrounded by a wrought-iron fence, and protected by 24-hour security cameras. [90] Forrest's men were alleged to have set fire to a U.S. barracks with wounded U.S. Army soldiers inside[91][92] In defense of their actions, Forrest's men insisted that the U.S. soldiers, although fleeing, kept their weapons and frequently turned to shoot, forcing the Confederates to keep firing in self-defense. [69] Forrest was thought to have been fatally wounded by Gould, but he recovered and was ready to fight in the Chickamauga Campaign. [240][239] The Mississippi NAACP petitioned Governor Haley Barbour to denounce the plates and prevent their distribution. [231], Whether the massacre was premeditated or spontaneous does not address the more fundamental question of whether a massacre took place it certainly did, in every dictionary sense of the word. Under these laws enforced by Grant and the newly formed Department of Justice, there were over 5,000 indictments and 1,000 convictions of Klan members across the Southern United States. He led them into Middle Tennessee in July under orders to launch a cavalry raid. I heard him make a speech in one of our Dens". Before the war, Forrest amassed substantial wealth as a cotton plantation owner, horse, and cattle trader, real estate broker, and slave trader. Pelican Publishing, Feb 28, 2007 - History - 560 pages. Nathan Bedford Forrest, Confederate general, 1862-1867. I loved the old Constitution yet. [124] The ridgetop commissary he built as a provisioning store for the 1,000 Irish laborers hired to lay the rails became the nucleus of a town, which most residents called "Forrest's Town" and which was incorporated as Forrest City, Arkansas in 1870. [176] George Cantor, a biographer of Confederate generals, wrote, "Forrest ducked and weaved, denying all knowledge, but admitted he knew some of the people involved. Not realizing that the rest of his men had halted their charge when they reached the full U.S. brigade, Forrest charged the brigade alone and soon found himself surrounded. The Model 1840 was known as the wristbreaker. The Nathan Bedford Forrest statue was removed along Interstate 65 on Tuesday, December 7, 2021, during in Nashville, Tenn. A few vehicles left the site and the security guard locked the gate. Early Life. Report of the Sub-committee", "Abraham Lincoln to Cabinet, Tuesday, May 03, 1864 (Fort Pillow massacre)", "Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest and the KKK", "General Nathan Bedford Forrest Versus the Ku Klux Klan", "Memphis daily appeal. [115] During Hood's Tennessee Campaign, he fought alongside General John Bell Hood, the newest commander of the Confederate Army of Tennessee, in the Second Battle of Franklin on November 30. Consequently, his role at Fort Pillow was a stigmatizing one for him the rest of his life, both professionally and personally,[229][230] and contributed to his business problems after the war. He thanked Forrest for the offer and stated that had war broken out, he would have considered it an honor to have served side by side with him. Nathan Bedford Forrest (13 Juli 1821 - 29 Oktober 1877) adalah seorang jenderal Tentara Konfederasi pada Perang Saudara Amerika dan pemimpin Ku Klux Klan berpengaruh pasca-perang. [31] He was known as a tireless rider in the saddle and a skilled swordsman. [39] A great-grandson, Nathan Bedford Forrest III (19051943), graduated from West Point and rose to the rank of brigadier general in the U.S. Army Air Corps; he was killed during a bombing raid over Nazi Germany in 1943, becoming the first American general to die in combat in the European theater during World War II. Nathan Bedford Forrest died in 1877 from health complications related to his diabetes, leaving behind a legacy of racism, first as a slave trader, then as a soldier in the Confederate Army where he became one of the south's greatest military strategists, and following the Civil War when he joined the KKK and became a grand wizard of one of the . Forrest became well known for his early use of maneuver tactics as applied to a mobile horse cavalry deployment. Out Confederate policy II Army base Camp Forrest in Tullahoma, Tennessee named. 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